Pathophysiology

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Weakened esophageal cleansing

Esophageal peristalsis
salivation

Gastric emptying disorders

delayed gastric emptying
Intragastric pressure

Acid hypersecretion

Prolonged acid exposure

Disorder in the antireflux mechanism

Inferior esophageal sphincter
Extrasphincteric components

Esophageal mucosal resistance

mucus layer
epithelial barrier

Pump

Volume clearance is related to esophageal peristalsis and gravity.
Chemical cleansing is related to saliva secretion.

Reasons

Decreased volume clearance (hiatal hernia)
Decreased chemical clearance (decreased salivation).

Reservoir

Gastric Function Abnormalities in Gerd

increased intragastric pressure
gastric dilatation
decreased ejaculation time
increased acid secretion

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